Cancer Control
The bladder plays a very important role in the totality of our health. It functions as a reservoir for urine in our bodies. When the kidneys filter waste from the blood, urine is produced that enters into the bladder through two tubes called ureters, the bladder then allows the storage of urine for a period of time before being released in urination through another tube called urethra. The bladder can be thought of as a muscular balloon; a flattened structure when there is no urine (immediately after a person urinates) but can be filled up to a liter with urine. Normally when the bladder is filled with urine of about half a liter, we feel the urge to urinate. The muscular structure of the bladder also helps other pelvic muscles to push the urine out when released. The bladder is located in the lower abdomen deep in the pelvis, just above the pubic symphysis.
The bladder resembles a muscular balloon. It will expand when filled with urine, then becomes flat again after being relieved. Most normal bladders will hold approximately one liter of urine, however most individuals will want to relieve themselves after retaining about one half a liter. The bladder’s muscular structure works in conjunction with the pelvic muscles to relieve urine. The bladder is located deep within the pelvis, in the lower area of the abdominals section above the pubic area.
There are several types of cancer to the bladder . Cancer information may be referring to several types of malignancies that grow in the bladder and urinary tract. Once the cancer forms, it grows as abnormal cells multiply at a rate that is out of control. Individuals at a greater risk for cancer development are people who have a genetic predisposition or a family history, and smoking. Other factors that increase chances are exposure to chemicals, such as analine dyes and other industrial chemicals such as petrol.
What are the treatments for bladder cancer? The treatment of bladder cancer depends on how deep the tumor invades into the bladder wall.
Superficial Bladder Cancer Treatment This is when the cancer has not invaded into the muscle at all and can be “shaved off” using an electrocautery device attached to a cystoscope. As superficial bladder cancer has high incidence of recurrence, the aim of treatment changes to prevent these recurrences and to prevent progression into an invasive stage. Immunotherapy, in the form of BCG instillation, is also used in the treatment and prevention of the recurrence of superficial tumors. Instillation of chemotherapy into the bladder can also be used to treat this disease.
Muscle Invading Cancer Treatments: Tumors that have invaded the bladder will require more drastic surgery. In these instances, part of the bladder (or in rare instances the entire bladder) is removed, diverting the urine stream. Some surgeons have substituted the bladder by creating a substitute out of intestinal tissues. This procedures will vary depending on the physician, the site of the disease, renal function and patient preference.
Bladder cancer is a real threat. The fourth most commonly found cancer in men and the eighth most common in women, over fifty thousand people are diagnosed every year. Out of that number, twelve thousand die from this disease. Prevention and early treatment are the best ways to help beat this cancer. Don’t wait if you think you need a medical opinion!
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